Journal of Biomedical Sciences and Health
The Journal of Biomedical Sciences and Health (JBSH) is a rigorous, peer-reviewed open-access journal dedicated to disseminating, discussing, and presenting high-quality scientific literature. Published biannually (February and August) by the Biomedical Sciences Program, Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Universitas Karya Husada Semarang, JBSH serves as a premier platform for academicians, researchers, and health professionals to elevate scientific knowledge and ultimately improve the health of the global population. Aims and Scope JBSH welcomes the submission of original research articles, systematic reviews, and narrative reviews that significantly contribute to the understanding of human health. The journal embraces a multidisciplinary approach, with a comprehensive scope covering a wide range of topics, including: Biomedical Sciences: Molecular biology, microbiology, genetics, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, bioinformatics, and biotechnology. Clinical & General Health: Medicine, Nursing, Obstetrics, Public Health, Pharmacy, Radiology, Hospital Administration, Community Health Centers, and Health Services. Pharmacology & Infection: Evidence-based traditional herbs, pharmacology, immunology, tropical infections, and parasitology. Publication Mandate JBSH is committed to increasing the visibility and impact of scientific studies. By providing a credible, open-access avenue, we ensure that academic circles and researchers worldwide can easily access, utilize, and build upon the crucial research findings published within our journal.
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Differences in Sugar Concentration on Flavonoid Levels in Roselle Kombucha (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) As An Antioxidant Beverage
Section: Articles Keywords: Kombucha, roselle, flavonoid, sugar concentration, antioxidant Background: Kombucha is a fermented tea beverage produced using a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). Sugar concentration plays an essential role in the fermentation process as it influences microbial metabolism and the formation of bioactive compounds. Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) is rich in flavonoids and anthocyanins, which act as natural antioxidants. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of different sugar concentrations on flavonoid levels in roselle kombucha. Methods: This was an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, namely sugar concentration: F1 (15%), F2 (25%), and F3 (35%). Fermentation was carried out with the addition of SCOBY for 14 days at room temperature. Flavonoid levels were analyzed using a spectrophotometric method with quercetin as the standard. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The highest average flavonoid level was found in F1 (sugar concentration 15%) at 0.015690%, while the lowest was in F3 (sugar concentration 35%) at 0.011364%. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed a significant difference among treatments (p = 0.002, p < 0.05). The Mann-Whitney test confirmed that all pairwise comparisons between treatments were significantly different. Sugar concentration significantly affects flavonoid levels in roselle kombucha. Conclusion: The 15% sugar concentration produced the highest flavonoid content, suggesting that low sugar formulation is preferable to maintain bioactive compounds and enhance antioxidant potential. Therefore, roselle kombucha with lower sugar concentration can be developed as a functional beverage to prevent degenerative diseases related to oxidative stress.
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The Bacteriocin Potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Cincalok as an Antibacterial Against Shigella and Salmonella
Section: Articles Keywords: Bacteriocin, Cincalok, Salmonella sp, Shigella sp, Weisella Background: Lactic Acid Bacteria are a group of bacteria that have the ability to produce antimicrobial compounds called bacteriocins. Antibacterial of lactic acid bacteria proved effective in inhibiting pathogenic bacteria that cause infection in humans such as Shigella sp and Salmonella sp. Lactic acid bacteria can be found in fermented foods, one of which is fermented food typical of West Kalimantan, namely cincalok Aim: This study was to determine the antibacterial potential of cincalok lactic acid bacteria against Shigella sp and Salmonella sp Methods: This study used a true experimental, with the research design using a post test only control group design with data analyzed using SPSS to evaluate inhibition zone differences among three treatment groups: bacteriocin from Weissella sp. at 24 hours, Weissella sp. at 48 hours, and antibiotics (positive control) Results: The results obtained in the bacteriocin test from Weissella showed that there were differences in the inhibition zones formed, in Shigella sp the average values of the inhibition zones formed were W24 (24.4 mm), W48 (13.2 mm) and Cotrimoxazole (42.2 mm). while in Salmonella sp the average value of the inhibition zone formed is W24 (24.2 mm), W48 (12.8 mm) and Chloramphenicol (45 mm). Conclusion: Bacteriocins from LAB cincalok have an antibacterial effect on the growth of Shigella sp and Salmonella sp bacteria.
Feasibility and Preliminary Effects of a Structured Walking Intervention on Body Composition Among Biomedical Science Students: A Pilot Study
Section: Articles Keywords: walking intervention; body composition; body fat percentage; muscle mass; pilot study Background: Sedentary behavior among university students contributes to adverse changes in body composition and long-term metabolic risk. Walking represents a simple and accessible form of aerobic activity with potential health benefits. Objective: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and explore preliminary trends in body composition changes following a four-week structured walking intervention among biomedical science students. Methods: A pilot quasi-experimental study with a one-group pretest–posttest design was conducted among three undergraduate biomedical science students. Participants performed 30 minutes of light-to-moderate intensity walking, 3–4 times per week, for four weeks. Body composition parameters—including body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, muscle percentage, and visceral fat—were assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Data were analyzed descriptively. Results: After four weeks, varied changes in body composition were observed across participants. One participant showed a tendency toward reduced fat percentage in the later weeks of intervention, while muscle percentage was generally maintained or slightly decreased. Body weight showed modest increases across all participants. No adverse events were reported, and all participants completed the protocol, indicating good feasibility. Conclusion: A structured walking program appeared feasible and was associated with preliminary trends in body composition among young adults, though the direction and magnitude of changes varied individually. The findings should be interpreted cautiously, given the very small sample size. Larger randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up and dietary monitoring are required to confirm these preliminary observations.
walking intervention; body composition; body fat percentage; muscle mass; pilot study
Metagenomic Mining of Antimicrobial Compounds from Extreme Environments: A Systematic Review
Section: Articles Keywords: metagenomics, antimicrobial compounds, extreme environments, biosynthetic gene clusters, extremophiles Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global health crisis, necessitating novel drug discovery approaches. Extreme environments harbor unique microbial communities that produce specialized metabolites, yet systematic assessment of their biosynthetic potential through metagenomics remains lacking. Objective: To systematically review evidence on metagenomic mining strategies for discovering biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) with antimicrobial potential from extreme environments. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched through December 2025. The primary reviewer screened all 487 records; a blinded second reviewer independently verified a random 20% subset at each stage (κ = 0.79–0.85). Quality assessment used an adapted Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Fifteen studies met all inclusion criteria. Results: The 15 included studies identified over 14,000 BGCs (excluding the Paoli et al. [2022] global ocean dataset reported separately) across Antarctic/psychrophilic (5 studies), marine/deep-sea (4 studies), halophilic/hypersaline (2 studies), arid/desert environments (2 studies), and extreme soil communities (2 studies). Dominant BGC classes included terpenes, NRPS, RiPPs, and PKS. Studies employing long-read sequencing (Oxford Nanopore/PacBio) recovered substantially more complete BGCs compared with short-read approaches. Between 60–99% of detected BGCs across most environments lacked characterized homologs in the MIBiG database. Experimental validation of predicted antimicrobial activity was limited: only 2 studies (13.3%) confirmed direct antimicrobial or cytotoxic bioactivity through bioassays or compound isolation; 1 additional study (6.7%) provided indirect evidence of active BGC expression via metatranscriptomics; and the remaining 12 studies (80%) relied solely on in silico prediction. Conclusion: Extreme-environment metagenomics reveals remarkable biosynthetic diversity with substantial novelty. Long-read sequencing and updated bioinformatic platforms have significantly enhanced BGC detection. The critical gap between computational prediction and experimental validation of antimicrobial bioactivity remains the primary barrier to therapeutic translation.
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Water Jasmine (Echinodorus palaefolius): A Phytoremediation Agent for Environmental Health Improvement and Landscape Enhancement
Section: Articles Keywords: Echinodorus palaefolius, Phytoremediation, Constructed wetlands, Heavy metal removal, Environmental health Background: Heavy metal and organic pollution in water bodies necessitate sustainable, cost-effective remediation. Echinodorus palaefolius is a potential aquatic macrophyte that offers a nature-based solution by combining pollutant removal with aesthetic value. Objective: This review evaluates the dual-purpose efficacy of E. palaefolius in removing contaminants through constructed wetlands (CWs) and its integration into sustainable urban landscapes. Methods: The study synthesizes data on E. palaefolius performance in subsurface flow (SSF-CW) and free water surface (FWS-CW) systems. It analyzes physiological mechanisms, including rhizofiltration and phytoextraction, as well as the influence of substrates such as zeolite and charcoal on removal rates. Results: Findings indicate that E. palaefolius achieves over 90% removal efficiency for heavy metals such as mercury (Hg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and lead (Pb). The plant's extensive root system facilitates high bioconcentration, particularly for iron in stems and roots, without compromising metabolic functions. Furthermore, its ornamental features, broad leaves, and white inflorescences enhance the visual and ecological integrity of urban water features. Conclusion: E. palaefolius is a highly effective, multifunctional agent for water quality management. Its implementation as a tertiary treatment in industrial and urban settings provides an eco-friendly strategy for environmental health and landscape beautification.
Cytotoxic Activity of Chromolaena odorata Leaf Extract on WiDr Colon Cancer Cells
Section: Articles Keywords: Colorectal cancer; WiDr cells; Chromolaena odorata; cytotoxicity; terpenoids Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. In 2020, CRC accounted for approximately 1.9 million new cases and over 935,000 deaths globally. Conventional chemotherapy is frequently limited by systemic toxicity and drug resistance, necessitating the identification of novel plant-derived bioactive compounds. Chromolaena odorata (Asteraceae), a tropical medicinal plant, has demonstrated pharmacological properties including wound healing and anti-inflammatory activity; however, its antiproliferative potential against colorectal cancer cells remains insufficiently explored. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of C. odorata n-hexane leaf extract on WiDr human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells using an in vitro MTT assay. Methods: Dried leaves of C. odorata were extracted via n-hexane maceration. WiDr cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and antibiotics. Cells were treated with graded extract concentrations (62.5–1000 μg/mL) for 24 hours in triplicate. Cell viability was assessed by the MTT assay and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) was determined via nonlinear regression analysis. Results: The extract exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against WiDr cells. The highest mean inhibition rate (94.3 ± 10.7%) was observed at 1000 μg/mL. The calculated IC₅₀ value was 149.09 ± 20.91 μg/mL, indicating moderate cytotoxic potency consistent with the National Cancer Institute (NCI) classification for biologically active crude extracts (IC₅₀ < 200 μg/mL). Conclusion: Chromolaena odorata n-hexane leaf extract demonstrates significant in vitro antiproliferative activity against WiDr colorectal cancer cells. The cytotoxic activity likely involves lipophilic bioactive compounds, including terpenoids. These findings support further bioassay-guided fractionation, mechanistic investigation, and in vivo validation as potential candidates for anticancer drug development.
Colorectal cancer; WiDr cells; Chromolaena odorata; cytotoxicity; terpenoids
Analysis of the Implementation of the "Gass Track Chemotherapy Program" As an Alternative Solution to Improve Oncology Services
Section: Articles Keywords: oncology service, chemotherapy, gass track, fast track, hospital innovation Background: Timeliness in chemotherapy scheduling is essential in oncology practice. In Dr. Kariadi Hospital, increasing patient volume led to long waiting lists and treatment delays averaging 7 days. To address this issue, an innovation called "Gass Track," adapted from the fast-track system, was developed to accelerate chemotherapy services. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the implementation of the Gass Track chemotherapy program as an alternative solution to improve service efficiency and timeliness in oncology care at Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Indonesia. Methods: This pre-post observational study used retrospective secondary data from January 2023 to June 2024, conducted at the Oncology Installation of Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang. Individual patient-level chemotherapy delay data were extracted from medical records. Data were analyzed to compare chemotherapy delay distributions, patient flow, and service throughput between the pre-implementation (January May 2023) and post-implementation (June 2023 June 2024) periods. Results: A total of 8,479 programmed chemotherapy patients were recorded. Of 6,273 post-implementation patients, 509 (8.1%) received care via Gass Track. The median chemotherapy delay decreased from 7 days (IQR: 6 8) pre-implementation to 4 days (IQR: 3 5) post-implementation. A Mann-Whitney U test on individual patient-level data confirmed the reduction was statistically significant (U = 12,988,890; p < 0.001; rank-biserial r = 0.877, indicating a large effect). Monthly chemotherapy throughput increased by approximately 9.4% (from 441.2 to 482.5 patients/month). Conclusion: Gass Track improved patient flow, reduced delays, and supported timeliness in oncology chemotherapy services without requiring additional resources.
The Relationship Between Gender and Students' Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Healthy Snack Selection in Semarang City Public Elementary Schools
Section: Articles Keywords: Gender; Knowledge; Attitude; Healthy Snacks; Elementary School Background: The habit of eating snacks at school is part of the diet of elementary school students who need attention related to their nutritional quality. Knowledge and attitude are often considered determining factors in choosing healthy snacks. Objective: This study aims to analyze the relationship between gender and students' knowledge and attitudes towards choosing healthy snacks at Semarang City State Elementary School. Methods: Quantitative study with cross- sectional design. The sample consisted of 74 students taken from 21 State Elementary Schools in Semarang City using quota sampling techniques. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Chi-Square statistical tests. Results: The univariate analysis showed that the majority of respondents were female (59.5%), had good knowledge (89.2%), and had good attitudes (41.9%). The results of the bivariate analysis showed no relationship between gender and knowledge of healthy snack selection (p value= 1.00) and no relationship between gender and attitudes towards healthy snack selection (p value = 0.196). Conclusion: Gender is not a distinguishing factor in students' knowledge and attitudes towards healthy snacks. This suggests that school health interventions should focus more on strengthening the physical environment and the availability of healthy snacks in schools, regardless of gender.
Gender; Knowledge; Attitude; Healthy Snacks; Elementary School
Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
Enhanced Survival of Lactobacillus Lg71 from Mangrove Sediment Under Simulated Gastric and Intestinal Conditions
Section: Articles Keywords: alginate encapsulation, functional foods, Lactobacillus, mangrove sediment, probiotic Background: For a probiotic to offer health benefits, it must stay viable through the tough environment of the human gastrointestinal tract. This study assesses the effectiveness of sodium alginate encapsulation in improving the survival of Lactobacillus LG71, a new strain from mangrove sediment, under simulated gastric and intestinal conditions. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of sodium alginate encapsulation in enhancing the viability and survival of Lactobacillus LG71, a probiotic strain isolated from mangrove sediment, during cold storage and under simulated gastric and intestinal conditions. Methods: Lactobacillus LG71 was encapsulated in sodium alginate beads. The viability of both encapsulated and free (non-encapsulated) cells was assessed over a 4-week storage period at 4 °C and during sequential exposure to simulated gastric and intestinal environments. Results: Encapsulation significantly improved survival rates compared to free cells (p < 0.05). Although both groups experienced a decline during the first week of storage, encapsulated cells maintained a high viability of approximately 107 CFU/mL, losing only 2.51 log CFU/g over four weeks. Most notably, encapsulated Lactobacillus LG71 demonstrated greater resilience during digestion, retaining populations of 2.21 log CFU/mL in gastric simulations and 1.00 log CFU/mL in intestinal simulations. In contrast, free cells were much more vulnerable to these acidic and enzymatic conditions. Conclusion: Sodium alginate encapsulation effectively protects Lactobacillus LG71 from environmental and biological stressors. These findings indicate that encapsulation is a crucial step for the commercial application of mangrove-derived probiotics, ensuring that a viable dose of living cells reaches the host's lower gastrointestinal tract to promote health benefits.
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DETEKSI Gamma-Aminobutiryc Acid (GABA) PADA ISOLAT BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT PRODUK FERMENTASI CHAO PANGKEP
Section: Articles Keywords: Bakteri asam laktat, Gamma-Aminobutiryc acid, Antioksidan Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) adalah kelompok mikroorganisme General Recognized as Safe (GRAS) yang berperan penting dalam menghasilkan senyawa fungsional, termasuk Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA merupakan asam amino non-protein yang memiliki fungsi sebagai penghambat neurotransmitter utama dalam sistem saraf pusat juga berperan sebagai antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan BAL dari produk fermentasi Chao khas daerah Pangkep dalam menghasilkan senyawa GABA sebagai antioksidan menggunakan metode Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh nilai Retention factor (Rf) isolat BAL C2 tanpa MSG yaitu 0,82, C2 MSG 1% 0,84, C10 tanpa MSG 0,8 dan 0,64, C10 MSG 1% 0,86 dan 0,68. Dengan aktivitas antioksidan berdasarkan nilai IC50 C2 tanpa MSG 940,11 ppm, C2 MSG 1% 1124,97 ppm, C10 tanpa MSG 884,73 ppm, dan C10 MSG 1% 939,17 ppm. Nilai Rf isolat C2 dan C10 dengan penambahan MSG 1% lebih menghampiri nilai Rf larutan standar yaitu 0,88 dan aktivitas antioksidan isolat C2 dan C10 tergolong sangat lemah dikarenakan nilai IC50 nya >200 ppm. Ini dapat menjadi dasar optimalisasi produksi GABA oleh BAL dari produk fermentasi lokal seperti Chao untuk pengembangan probiotik atau suplemen fungsional yang bermanfaat untuk kesehatan. Kata kunci: Chao, Bakteri Asam Laktat, Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, Antioksidan Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) are a group of microorganisms generally recognized as safe (GRAS) that play a vital role in producing functional compounds, including Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is a non-protein amino acid that functions as a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and also acts as an antioxidant. This study aimed to determine the ability of LAB from a local fermented product, Pangkep Chao, to produce GABA as an antioxidant using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). Based on the research, the retention factor (Rf) values for LAB isolates were as follows: C2 without MSG was 0.82, C2 with 1% MSG was 0.84, C10 without MSG was 0.8 and 0.64, and C10 with 1% MSG was 0.86 and 0.68. The antioxidant activity, based on the IC50 value, was 940.11 ppm for C2 without MSG, 1124.97 ppm for C2 with 1% MSG, 884.73 ppm for C10 without MSG, and 939.17 ppm for C10 with 1% MSG. The Rf values of the C2 and C10 isolates with 1% MSG were closer to the standard solution's Rf value of 0.88, but the antioxidant activity of the C2 and C10 isolates was considered very weak because their IC50 values >200 ppm. This research can serve as a basis for optimizing GABA production by LAB from local fermented products like Chao for the development of beneficial probiotics or functional supplements
Bakteri asam laktat, Gamma-Aminobutiryc acid, Antioksidan
UJI BIOAKTIVITAS EKSTRAK TULANG IKAN CAKALANG (KATSUWONUS PELAMIS) TERHADAP BAKTERI STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS PADA LUKA BAKAR TIKUS PUTIH (RATTUS NORVEGICUS)
Section: Articles Luka bakar adalah cedera yang rentan terhadap infeksi bakteri, terutama oleh Staphylococcus aureus, yang dapat memperparah kondisi dan memperlambat penyembuhan. Bakteri ini juga mampu membentuk biofilm, membuatnya lebih sulit diobati dengan antibiotik konvensional. Penelitian ini berfokus pada aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak tulang ikan cakalang terhadap Staphylococcus aureus pada luka bakar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental kuantitatif. Hasil pengukuran zona hambat diketahui bahwa ekstrak tulang ikan cakalang bersifat bakteriostatistik terhadap bakteri S. aureus menggunakan ekstrak tulang ikan cakalang konsentrasi 20%, 40%, 60%,80% dan kontrol positif ciprofloxacin serta kontrol negatif etanol dan aquades steril masing- masing sebanyak 3 kali replikasi yang menunjukkan kelompok perlakuan ektrak 20%, 40%, 60%, dan 80% tulang ikan cakalang berpengaruh dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus berdasarkan zona hambat yang terbentuk sebesar 5,4 mm, pengukuran ditunjukkan bahwa ekstrak 80% menghasilakan nilai daya hambat yang kuat paling berpengaruh dalam pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus.Ekstrak tulang ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) konsentrasi 20%, 40%,60%, dan 80% dapat menghambat bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Ekstrak konsentrasi terbesar 80% di golongkan memiliki daya hambat kuat terhadap bakteri uji. Pada penelitian ini ekstrak tulang ikan cakalang efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus.
CHARACTERIZATION OF LACTIC ACID BACTERIA FROM CHAO PANGKEP FOOD FERMENTATION PRODUCTS
Section: Articles Keywords: Bakteri Asam laktat, Chao, Fermentasi Tradisional, Karakterisasi, Probiotik Chao merupakan makanan fermentasi tradisional khas Kabupaten Pangkep, Sulawesi Selatan, yang dibuat dari campuran ikan, nasi, dan garam. Proses fermentasi pada Chao menghasilkan lingkungan yang mendukung pertumbuhan bakteri asam laktat (BAL), yaitu mikroorganisme yang berperan penting dalam pengawetan, pembentukan cita rasa, dan berpotensi sebagai probiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi BAL dari Chao berdasarkan ciri morfologi, mikroskopis, serta sifat biokimia dan fisiologis. Isolasi dilakukan menggunakan media MRS agarengan ocal pengenceran bertingkat, sedangkan karakterisasi mencakup uji morfologi koloni, pewarnaan Gram, bentuk sel, uji katalase, TSIA, sitrat, indol, motilitas, dan ketahanan terhadap kondisi asam. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat 16 isolat dengan morfologi koloni seragam. Sebagian besar ocale menunjukkan karakteristik khas BAL, seperti Gram positif, berbentuk basil, dan katalase ocale. Beberapa ocale juga mampu beradaptasi pada lingkungan asam dan memfermentasi gula tertentu. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa Chao Pangkep merupakan sumber potensial ocale BAL ocal yang dapat dikembangkan lebih lanjut untuk aplikasi pangan fungsional maupun bioteknologi. Kata Kunci : Bakteri Asam laktat, Chao, Fermentasi Tradisional, Karakterisasi, Probiotik ABSTRACT Chao is a traditional fermented food from Pangkep Regency, South Sulawesi, made from a mixture of fish, rice and salt. The fermentation process in Chao produces a favorable environment for the growth of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which are microorganisms that play an important role in preservation, flavor formation, and potentially as probiotics. This study aimed to isolate and characterize LAB from Chao based on morphological, microscopic, and biochemical and physiological characteristics. Isolation was done using MRS agar media with multistage dilution technique, while characterization included colony morphology test, Gram staining, cell shape, catalase test, TSIA, citrate, indole, motility, and resistance to acidic conditions. The results showed there were 16 isolates with uniform colony morphology. Most of the isolates showed typical LAB characteristics, such as Gram positive, bacillus-shaped, and catalase negative. Some isolates were also able to adapt to acidic environments and ferment certain sugars. These findings suggest that Chao Pangkep is a potential source of local LAB isolates that can be further developed for functional food and biotechnology applications Keywords: Lactic Acid Bacteria, Chao, Traditional Fermentation, Characterization, Probiotic
Bakteri Asam laktat, Chao, Fermentasi Tradisional, Karakterisasi, Probiotik
Karakterisasi Kolagen Tulang ikan Cakalang Katsuwonus pelamis Dengan Hidrolisis Menggunakan Natrium Hidroksida
Section: Articles Keywords: Ekstraksi Kolagen, FTIR, Kolagen Ikan Cakalang K. pelamis, Metode Lowry, Rendemen Kolagen merupakan protein struktural utama yang ditemukan dalam jaringan ikat hewan vertebrata, mencakup 25-30% dari total protein hewani. Kolagen dari tulang ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis), memanfaatkan potensi melimpah dari perairan Indonesia. Kolagen, sebagai limbah perikanan dengan sifat biokompatibel dan rendah antigenisitas, memiliki aplikasi luas di industri kosmetik, farmasi, dan pangan. Ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut natrium hidroksida (NaOH) 5% selama tiga hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen ekstrak kolagen sebesar 29,85% dari berat simplisia, yang dianggap baik karena melebihi 10%. Karakterisasi proksimat memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI 8076:2014), dengan kadar air 4,03% (maks. 16%) dan kadar abu 0,18% (maks. 3,25%), serta karakteristik organoleptik kental, coklat kehitaman, dan berbau tengik. Analisis gugus fungsi menggunakan FTIR mengidentifikasi puncak serapan khas kolagen seperti NH₂, NH, -CH, C=O, dan C-N. Namun, kadar protein yang diperoleh melalui metode Lowry sangat rendah (0,994 ppm atau 0,397%). Rendahnya nilai ini diduga disebabkan oleh perbedaan metode analisis dibandingkan penelitian lain (misalnya metode Kjeldahl) serta potensi ketidaksesuaian komposisi protein sampel dengan standar yang digunakan pada metode Lowry, mengindikasikan perlunya optimasi lebih lanjut.
Ekstraksi Kolagen, FTIR, Kolagen Ikan Cakalang K. pelamis, Metode Lowry, Rendemen
KARAKTERISASI KOLAGEN TULANG IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwonus pelamis) DENGAN HIDROLISIS MENGGUNAKAN PELARUT ETANOL
Section: Articles Keywords: Kolagen, Protein, Tulang ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis), Etanol Kolagen merupakan salah satu jenis protein yang banyak terkandung di jaringan hewan salah satunya yaitu ikan cakalang Tulang ikan cakalang kaya akan nutrisi, mengandung 15 jenis asam 20,15% protein dan sekitar 30% adalah kolagen. Tulang ikan cakalang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber kolagen alternatif. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui nilai rendemen kolagen yang dihasilkan dari ekstrak tulang ikan cakalang menggunakan pelarut Etanol. Penelitian ini merupakan desain penelitian kuantitaf dengan jenias penelitian eksperimental. Tulang ikan cakalang di rendam menggunakan etanol 95% selama 37 jam. Dihasilkan nilai rendemen kolagen 9,76%, kadar air sebanyak 1,01 % dan kadar abu sebanyak 0,036 % nilai tersebut masih memenuhui satnadar SNI kolagen, kadar protein yang di daptkan pada penelitian ini yaitu sebanyak 0,996% dan hasil FTIR pada penenlitian ini di dapatkan gugus fungsi Amida A, B, I, II, dan III. Hal ini menunjukkan bahawa hasil dari penelitian benar-benar kolagen dan belum terdenaturasi menjadi gelatin. Kata Kunci : Kolagen, Protein, Tulang ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis), Etanol Collagen is one type of protein that is widely contained in animal tissues, one of which is skipjack. Skipjack bones (K. pelamis) are rich in nutrients, containing 15 types of acids 20.15% protein and about 30% is collagen. Skipjack bones can be utilized as an alternative collagen source. The main objective of this study was to determine the yield value of collagen produced from skipjack bone extract using Ethanol solvent. This research is a quantitative research design with experimental research type. Tuna bones were soaked using 95% ethanol for 37 hours. The resulting collagen yield value is 9.76%, water content is 1.01% and ash content is 0.036%, this value still meets the SNI collagen level, the protein content obtained in this study is 0.996% and the FTIR results in this research obtained the NH, NH, CH, C=O and C-N functional groups. This shows that the results of the study are really collagen and have not been denatured into gelatin. Keywords: Collagen, Protein, Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) bones, Ethanol
Kolagen, Protein, Tulang ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis), Etanol
Efek Pijat Bayi terhadap Peningkatan Berat Badan dan Panjang Badan Bayi
Section: Articles Keywords: Pijat Bayi, Panjang Badan, Berat Badan Pertumbuhan anak balita sangat dipengaruhi oleh perkembangan yang terjadi sejak masa bayi. Peningkatan berat dan panjang badan yang kurang optimal pada masa ini dapat berdampak pada proses tumbuh kembang di kemudian hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh pijat bayi terhadap peningkatan berat dan panjang badan bayi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain pra-eksperimen menggunakan rancangan One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh bayi berusia 6-7 bulan berjumlah 20 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling. Data dianalisis (uji t berpasangan dan uji Wilcoxon). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum intervensi pijat bayi, rata-rata berat badan bayi sebesar 7.457,5 gram dan panjang badan 65,4 cm. Setelah diberikan pijat bayi, rata-rata berat badan meningkat menjadi 7.875 gram, dan panjang badan menjadi 69,15 cm. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara pemberian pijat bayi terhadap peningkatan berat badan (p=0,000) dan panjang badan (p=0,000) bayi. Puskesmas, rumah sakit, dan klinik disaranlan untuk mengembangkan program edukasi mengenai manfaat pijat bayi, termasuk pelatihan teknik pijat yang benar. Keywords: Pijat Bayi, Panjang Badan, Berat Badan, ABSTRACT The Growth The growth of toddlers is greatly influenced by the development that occurs during infancy. Suboptimal increases in weight and length during this period can impact growth and development in later stages. This study aims to evaluate the effect of infant massage on the increase in infants’ weight and length. The research method used is quantitative with a pre-experimental design, specifically a One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The population in this study consisted of all infants aged 6–7 months, totaling 20 individuals. The sampling technique used was total sampling. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate tests (paired t-test and Wilcoxon test). The results showed that before the infant massage intervention, the average body weight of the infants was 7,457.5 grams and their average body length was 65.4 cm. After the massage intervention, the average body weight increased to 7,875 grams and the average body length to 69.15 cm. There was a significant effect of infant massage on the increase in both body weight (p=0.000) and body length (p=0.000). It is recommended that health centers, hospitals, and clinics develop educational programs on the benefits of infant massage, including training on proper massage techniques. Keywords: Infant Massage, Body Length, Body Weight,
Copyright (c) 2025 Bd. Putri Rahma Dini, M.Tr.Keb, Bd. Ardhita Listya Fitriani, M.Tr.Keb, Erlina Marta DA C Cabral (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0
Perbandingan Metode Soxhletasi dan Perebusan untuk Isolasi Kafein dari Daun Teh
Section: Articles Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan memurnikan kafein dari daun teh (Camellia sinensis) menggunakan dua metode ekstraksi: soxhletasi dan perebusan. Prinsip "like dissolves like" diterapkan dalam pemilihan pelarut untuk ekstraksi kafein. Kedua metode diikuti dengan kristalisasi dan rekristalisasi untuk meningkatkan kemurnian kafein yang diisolasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan dalam rendemen dan kemurnian kafein yang diperoleh. Metode perebusan menghasilkan rendemen kafein sebesar 0,38% dengan titik leleh 235°C, mendekati nilai literatur untuk kafein murni (235-238°C). Sebaliknya, metode soxhletasi menghasilkan rendemen lebih rendah sebesar 0,008% dengan titik leleh 210°C, mengindikasikan kemurnian yang lebih rendah. Analisis visual kristal kafein juga menunjukkan perbedaan, dengan metode perebusan menghasilkan kristal putih-hijau dan metode soxhletasi menghasilkan kristal oranye-coklat. Penelitian ini menyoroti pentingnya pemilihan metode ekstraksi yang tepat untuk optimalisasi hasil dan kemurnian kafein dari daun teh, dengan implikasi signifikan untuk aplikasi dalam industri makanan, minuman, dan farmasi. Kata kunci: Caffeine, Tea Leaves, Soxhlet Extraction, Boiling Method, Crystallization ABSTRACT This study aimed to isolate and purify caffeine from tea leaves (Camellia sinensis) using two extraction methods: soxhletation and boiling. The principle of "like dissolves like" was applied in selecting solvents for the extraction of caffeine, a nonpolar compound that is more soluble in organic solvents. Both methods were followed by crystallization and recrystallization to improve the purity of the isolated caffeine. The results showed significant differences in the yield and purity of the caffeine obtained. The boiling method produced a caffeine yield of 0.38% with a melting point of 235°C, close to the literature value for pure caffeine (235-238°C). In contrast, the soxhletation method produced a lower yield of 0.008% with a melting point of 210°C, indicating lower purity. Visual analysis of the caffeine crystals also showed differences, with the boiling method producing white-green crystals and the soxhletation method producing orange-brown crystals. This study highlights the importance of selecting an appropriate extraction method to optimize the yield and purity of caffeine from tea leaves, with significant implications for applications in the food, beverage and pharmaceutical industries. Keywords: Caffeine, Tea Leaves, Soxhlet Extraction, Boiling Method, Crystallization
HARNESSING THE POTENTIAL OF ASTAXANTHIN FROM Haematococcus pluvialis IN BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW
Section: Articles Astaxanthin merupakan karotenoid bernilai tinggi dengan berbagai aplikasi, salah satunya dalam bidang ilmu biomedis. Haematococcus pluvialis dianggap sebagai sumber astaxanthin alami yang paling menjanjikan karena dapat mengakumulasi hingga 5% dari berat keringnya dalam kondisi yang penuh tekanan. Potensi aplikasi astaxanthin dalam biomedis sangat luas. Dari efek neuroprotektif hingga sifat antikanker dan manfaat kardiovaskularnya, astaxanthin telah menunjukkan janji dalam mengatasi beberapa tantangan kesehatan yang paling mendesak. Selain itu, sifat antiinflamasinya dan kemampuannya untuk memodulasi berbagai jalur pensinyalan semakin menggarisbawahi potensinya sebagai agen terapeutik. Tinjauan naratif ini memberikan sintesis komprehensif dari penelitian terkini tentang astaxanthin, merinci sifat biologisnya, tantangan budidaya, dan aplikasi terapeutik yang luas. Wawasan utama meliputi efek neuroprotektif, antiinflamasi, antikanker, dan kardioprotektifnya, yang didukung oleh struktur molekulnya yang unik dan sifat amfifiliknya. Dengan mengevaluasi secara kritis kemajuan terkini dalam teknik budidaya, ekstraksi, dan formulasi, tinjauan ini mengidentifikasi keterbatasan saat ini dan menguraikan berbagai kemungkinan untuk penelitian di masa mendatang. Secara keseluruhan, astaxanthin merupakan agen multifaset dengan potensi klinis yang signifikan, yang memerlukan penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengoptimalkan bioavailabilitas dan kemanjuran terapeutiknya.. Kata kunci: Astaxanthin; Haematococcus pluvialis; Antioksidan; Aplikasi biomedis ABSTRACT Astaxanthin is a high-value carotenoid with various applications, one of which is in biomedical science. Haematococcus pluvialis is considered the most promising source of natural astaxanthin as it can accumulate up to 5% of its dry weight under stressful conditions. The potential applications of astaxanthin in biomedicine are vast. From its neuroprotective effects to its anticancer properties and cardiovascular benefits, astaxanthin has shown promise in addressing some of the most pressing health challenges. Moreover, its anti-inflammatory properties and ability to modulate various signaling pathways further underscore its potential as a therapeutic agent. This narrative review provides a comprehensive synthesis of current research on astaxanthin, detailing its biological properties, cultivation challenges, and wide-ranging therapeutic applications. Key insights include its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and cardioprotective effects, underpinned by its unique molecular structure and amphiphilic nature. By critically evaluating recent advancements in cultivation, extraction, and formulation techniques, this review identifies current limitations and outlines potential avenues for future research. Overall, astaxanthin represents a multifaceted agent with significant clinical potential, warranting further studies to optimize its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Keywords: Astaxanthin; Haematococcus pluvialis; Antioxidant; Biomedical applications
PEPPERMINT OIL INHALATION REDUCES ARI (ACUTE RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTION) SYMPTOMS IN TODDLER
Section: Articles Keywords: ISPA, Peppermint Oil, Balita ISPA merupakan suatu penyakit infeksi pada saluran pernafasan atas (hidung). ISPA sering ditemukan dengan gejala awal demam, batuk, hidung tersumbat dan sakit tenggorokan. Komplikasi yang bisa terjadi anatara lain bronchitis, sinusitis, laryngitis, kejang, demam dan mengenai jaringan paru-paru sehingga dapat menyebabkan terjadinya pneumonia. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh inhalasi peppermint oil terhadap gejala ISPA pada balita. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif berupa Quasy eksperimen. Desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design without control dengan 16 sampel. Variabel independen adalah memberikan inhalasi peppermint oil, untuk variabel dependen adalah gejala ISPA. Responden adalah balita usia 4 tahun dengan ISPA bukan pneumonia diukur gejala ISPA sebelum intervensi dan sesudah intervensi. Instrumen yang digunakan lembar observasi untuk mengukur gejala ISPA. Hasil uji Wilcoxon diperoleh nilai p 0,000 artinya bahwa inhalasi peppermint oil berpengaruh terhadap gejala ISPA pada balita. Kesimpulan : Ada perubahan gejala ISPA pada balita sebelum dan sesudah diberikan inhalasi peppermint oil. Kata Kunci : ISPA, Peppermint Oil, Balita ABSTRACT ARI (Acute Respiratory Tract Infection) is an infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract (nose). ARI is often found with initial symptoms of fever, cough, blocked nose and sore throat. Complications that can occur include bronchitis, sinusitis, laryngitis, seizures, fever and lung tissue which can cause pneumonia. The aim of the research is to determine the effect of peppermint oil inhalation on ARI symptoms in toddlers. The type of quantitative research is a quasi experiment. The research design was one group pretest-posttest design without control with 16 samples. The independent variable is giving peppermint oil inhalation, the dependent variable is ARI symptoms. Respondents were toddlers aged 4 years with ARI, not pneumonia, and ARI symptoms were measured before the intervention and after the intervention. The instrument used observasional sheet to measure ARI symptoms. The results of the Wilcoxon test obtained a p value of 0.000, meaning that inhalation of peppermint oil had an effect on ARI symptoms in toddlers. Conclusion: There were changes in ARI symptoms in toddlers before and after inhalation of peppermint oil. Key word : ARI, peppermint oil, toddler
UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK TULANG IKAN CAKALANG (Katsuwanus pelamis) TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN EPITELISASI PADA TIKUS (Rattus norvegicus) YANG DIINDUKSI LUKA BAKAR
Section: Articles Luka bakar adalah cedera kulit yang disebabkan oleh panas, biasanya akibat kontak dengan permukaan panas. Kerusakan akibat luka bakar dapat merusak lapisan kulit jaringan epidermis, dermis dan hypodermis. Luka bakar menyebabkan kerusakan pada jaringan tubuh yang dapat melibatkan jaringan ikat, otot, kulit saraf dan robeknya pembuluh darah yang akan mengganggu hemostatis tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan konsentrasi efektif ekstrak etanol tulang ikan cakalang (K. pelamis) pada efek pitelialisasi tikus yang diinduksi luka bakar. Penelitian ini menggunakan 25 ekor tikus yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok negatif (KN) diberi aquades, kelompok positif (K+) diberi NaCl0,9%, kelompok perlakuan (K1), (K2), dan (K3) diberi ekstrak etanol tulang ikan cakalang (K. pelamis) dengan konsentrasi 40%, 60% dan 80%. Perlakuan luka bakar pada dorsal tikus menggunakan besi plat ukuran 2 mm pada yang dipanasi suhu 60° dan ditempelkan selama 30 detik di punggung tikus. Terapi tersebut diberikan dua kali sehari selama 14 hari. Pengukuran luas luka adalah dilakukan setiap hari. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara statistik dengan menggunakan Anova Satu Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa kelompok kontrol positif tidak signifikan berbeda dengan kelompok ekstrak yang diberikan dengan konsentrasi 40% dan 60%, oleh karena itu dapat disimpulkan bahwa etanol ekstrak daun gulma siam berpengaruh dalam mempercepat proses penyembuhan luka pada tikus yang diinduksi luka bakar dengan cara yang efektif konsentrasi 80%.
Analysis of Beta-Amyloid in Plasma as Early Diagnostic Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease in the Elderly Population
Section: Articles Keywords: Alzheimer, beta-amyloid, biomarker plasma, Penyakit Alzheimer merupakan gangguan neurodegeneratif progresif yang menjadi penyebab utama demensia pada populasi lanjut usia. Deteksi dini sangat penting untuk penanganan yang lebih efektif. Beta-amyloid (Aβ) plasma telah muncul sebagai biomarker potensial untuk diagnosis dini Alzheimer. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kadar beta-amyloid dalam plasma sebagai biomarker diagnostik dini penyakit Alzheimer pada populasi lanjut usia. Studi kasus-kontrol observasional ini melibatkan 20 partisipan: 11 dari Puskesmas A, 9 dari Puskesmas B, dan 10 kontrol sehat. Kadar Aβ42 dan Aβ40 plasma diukur menggunakan teknik ELISA. Penilaian kognitif dilakukan menggunakan MMSE dan MoCA. Analisis statistik meliputi perbandingan antar kelompok, korelasi dengan skor kognitif, dan analisis kurva ROC. Ditemukan perbedaan signifikan dalam kadar Aβ42 (p=0,023) dan rasio Aβ42/Aβ40 (p<0,001) antara kelompok Alzheimer dan kontrol. Rasio Aβ42/Aβ40 berkorelasi kuat dengan skor MMSE (r=0,684, p<0,001) dan MoCA (r=0,712, p<0,001). Analisis ROC menunjukkan akurasi diagnostik yang baik untuk rasio Aβ42/Aβ40 (AUC=0,863, 95% CI: 0,728-0,998) dengan nilai cut-off optimal 0,126 (sensitivitas 85%, spesifisitas 80%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio Aβ42/Aβ40 plasma memiliki potensi sebagai biomarker diagnostik dini untuk penyakit Alzheimer pada populasi lanjut usia. Temuan ini membuka jalan bagi pengembangan tes darah yang kurang invasif untuk skrining dan diagnosis dini Alzheimer, meskipun diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan ukuran sampel yang lebih besar.
Alzheimer, beta-amyloid, biomarker plasma,
Efektivitas Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok Stimulasi Kognitif terhadap Fungsi Kognitif pada Lansia dengan Mild Cognitive Impairment di Panti Werdha
Section: Articles Keywords: cognitive stimulation, group activity therapy, mild cognitive impairment, elderly, nursing home Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) merupakan kondisi penurunan fungsi kognitif yang memerlukan intervensi dini untuk mencegah progresivitas menuju demensia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas Terapi Aktivitas Kelompok (TAK) Stimulasi Kognitif dalam meningkatkan fungsi kognitif lansia dengan MCI di Panti Werdha. Menggunakan desain quasi-experimental pre-post test with control group, penelitian melibatkan 60 lansia (30 intervensi, 30 kontrol) yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Kelompok intervensi menerima TAK Stimulasi Kognitif dua kali seminggu selama 8 minggu, sementara kelompok kontrol menerima aktivitas rutin panti. Pengukuran fungsi kognitif menggunakan Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan skor MoCA pada kelompok intervensi (p<0.001) dibanding kontrol, dengan perbedaan mean 3.8 poin. TAK Stimulasi Kognitif terbukti efektif meningkatkan fungsi kognitif lansia dengan MCI dan potensial diimplementasikan dalam program rutin panti werdha. Keywords: stimulasi kognitif, terapi aktivitas kelompok, mild cognitive impairment, lansia, panti werdha ABSTRACT Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is a condition of cognitive decline requiring early intervention to prevent progression to dementia. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Group Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (GCST) in improving cognitive function among elderly with MCI in nursing homes. Using a quasi-experimental pre-post test with control group design, the study involved 60 elderly participants (30 intervention, 30 control) selected through purposive sampling. The intervention group received GCST twice weekly for 8 weeks, while the control group participated in routine nursing home activities. Cognitive function was measured using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). Results showed a significant improvement in MoCA scores in the intervention group (p<0.001) compared to the control group, with a mean difference of 3.8 points. GCST proved effective in improving cognitive function among elderly with MCI and shows potential for implementation in routine nursing home programs. Keywords: cognitive stimulation, group activity therapy, mild cognitive impairment, elderly, nursing home
cognitive stimulation, group activity therapy, mild cognitive impairment, elderly, nursing home
PENGARUH AROMATERAPI VARIAN CITRUS TERHADAP KADAR SEROTONIN DARAH (STUDI EKSPERIMENTAL PADA TIKUS JANTAN GALUR WISTAR PADA PROGRAM PENGHENTIAN ROKOK)
Section: Articles Keywords: nikotin, aromaterapi citrus, kadar serotonin (5-HT) Penghentian rokok, menurunkan kadar serotonin darah yang menimbulkan gejala penarikan seperti kecemasan. Aromaterapi varian citrus memberikan ketenangan dari peningkatan kadar serotonin sehingga menurunkan gejala putus nikotin. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh aromaterapi varian citrus terhadap kadar serotonin (5-HT) darah tikus jantan galur wistar program penghentian rokok. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental post only control group design menggunakan 24 tikus jantan galur wistar yang dibagi 4 kelompok random. Kelompok normal diberi pakan standar 36 hari. Kelompok kontrol, aromaterapi citrus, dan fluoxetine diberikan pakan standar 7 hari dipapar asap rokok 14 batang/hari selama 28 hari, perlakuan sesuai kelompok selama 7 hari. Hari ke-37 tikus diambil darah untuk diperiksa kadar serotonin (5-HT) menggunakan metode ELISA. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji One Way Anova. Rerata kadar serotonin (5-HT) 12,70 ± 13,17 ng/ml pada kelompok normal, 5,87 ± 6,20 ng/ml kelompok kontrol, 10,49 ± 11,16 ng/ml kelompok aromaterapi citrus, dan 9,88 ± 10,17 ng/ml kelompok fluoxetine. Rerata kadar serotonin (5-HT) berbeda signifikan antar kelompoknya melalui uji One Way Anova (p<0,05) dilanjutkan uji Post Hoc LSD (p<0,05) menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna. Hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa aromaterapi citrus berpengaruh terhadap kadar serotonin (5-HT) tikus jantan galur wistar program penghentian rokok. Kata kunci: nikotin, aromaterapi citrus, kadar serotonin (5-HT) ABSTRACT Smoking cessation, lowers blood serotonin levels which causes withdrawal symptoms such as anxiety. Aromatherapy citrus variants provide calmness from increased serotonin levels thereby reducing nicotine withdrawal symptoms. This study aims to determine the effect of aromatherapy citrus variants on blood serotonin (5-HT) levels in male wistar rats in a smoking cessation program. This study is an experimental study post only control group design using 24 male wistar rats divided into 4 random groups. The normal group was given standard feed for 36 days. The control group, citrus aromatherapy, and fluoxetine were given standard feed for 7 days exposed to cigarette smoke 14 cigarettes/day for 28 days, treatment according to group for 7 days. On the 37th day, blood was taken from the rats to examine serotonin (5-HT) levels using the ELISA method. Data were analyzed using the One Way Anova test. The mean serotonin (5-HT) levels were 12.70 ± 13.17 ng/ml in the normal group, 5.87 ± 6.20 ng/ml in the control group, 10.49 ± 11.16 ng/ml in the citrus aromatherapy group, and 9.88 ± 10.17 ng/ml in the fluoxetine group. The mean serotonin (5-HT) levels differed significantly between groups through the One Way Anova test (p<0.05) followed by the Post Hoc LSD test(p<0.05) showing a significant difference. The results of this study concluded that citrus aromatherapy had an effect on serotonin (5-HT) levels in male Wistar rats on a smoking cessation program. Keywords: nicotine, citrus aromatherapy, serotonin (5-HT) levels
THE EFFECT OF OXYTOCIN MASSAGE EDUCATION ON POSTPARTUM MOTHER BREASTFEEDING BEHAVIOR AT MUHAMMADIYAH RODLIYAH ACHID MOGA HOSPITALODLIYAH ACHID MOGA HOSPITAL
Section: Articles Keywords: edukasi, pijat oksitosin, perilaku menyusui, ibu postpartum. Di Rumah Sakit Rodliyah Achid Moga ibu nifas yang baru melahirkan tiap bulannya sekitar 110 orang hanya 60% ibu menyusui bayinya dan 40% belum menyusui bayinya. Tindakan yang dilakukan untuk menangani hal tersebut hanya di berikan edukasi cara menyusui dan perawatan payudara tetapi untuk edukasi tentang pijat oksitosin belum pernah dilakukan. Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh edukasi pijat oksitosin terhadap perilaku ibu menyusui di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Rodliyah Achid Moga. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan desain pra eksperimen dengan pendekatan “one group pretest-postest design”. Penelitian ini menggunakan uji normalitas Kolmogorov Smirnov karena jumlah data 86 responden dan hasil uji menunjukkan sig < 0,01 artinya data tidak terdistribusi normal. Data yang diperoleh menunjukkan setelah dilakukan edukasi terdapat kenaikan nilai rata-rata dan nilai minimum. Berdasarkan uji Wilcoxon diperoleh nilai asymp Sig < 0,05. Artinya edukasi pijat oksitosin berpengaruh terhadap perilaku menyusui ibu postpartum di Rumah Sakit Muhammadiyah Rodliyah Achid Moga. Hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan gambaran bahwa Edukasi pijat oksitosin dapat memperbaiki perilaku menyusui pada ibu postpartum Kata kunci : edukasi, pijat oksitosin, perilaku menyusui, ibu postpartum. ABSTRACT At the Rodliyah Achid Moga Hospital, around 110 postpartum mothers give birth each month, only 60% of the mothers breastfeed their babies and 40% have not breastfed their babies. The only action taken to deal with this was education on how to breastfeed and breast care, but education on oxytocin massage had never been carried out. Objective: The aim of this research is to determine whether there is an effect of oxytocin massage education on the behavior of breastfeeding mothers at the Muhammadiyah Rodliyah Achid Moga Hospital. This type of quantitative research uses a pre-experimental design with a "one group pretest-posttest design" approach. This research uses the Kolmogorov Smirnov normality test because the total data is 86 respondents and the test results show sig < 0.01, meaning the data is not normally distributed. The data obtained shows that after education there was an increase in the average and minimum scores. Based on the Wilcoxon test, the Sig asymp value <0.05 was obtained. This means that oxytocin massage education influences the breastfeeding behavior of postpartum mothers at the Muhammadiyah Rodliyah Achid Moga Hospital. The results of this study can provide an illustration that oxytocin massage education can improve breastfeeding behavior in postpartum mothers Keywords: education, oxytocin massage, breastfeeding behavior, postpartum mother
edukasi, pijat oksitosin, perilaku menyusui, ibu postpartum.
PETRISSAGE MASSAGE AND LAVENDER AROMATHERAPY TO REDUCE LOW BACK PAIN IN THIRD TRIMESTER PREGNANT WOMEN
Section: Articles Kehamilan merupakan proses alami yang akan membawa ketidaknyamanan bagi ibu hamil secara fisik maupun psikis. Ketidaknyamanan pada kehamilan trimester III salah satunya nyeri punggung bawah. Nyeri punggung pada kehamilan muncul karena adanya produksi hormone relaksin yang meningkat. Hormon ini yang menyebabkan persendian tulang panggul mengalami peregangan yang berfungsi mempermudah persalinan. Terapi untuk mengurangi nyeri dengan diberikan pijat petrissage dan aromaterapi lavender pada ibu hamil trimester III. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pijat petrissage dan aromaterapi lavender terhadap nyeri punggung bawah pada ibu hamil trimester III. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif berupa Quasy eksperimen. Desain penelitian one group pretest-posttest design without control dengan 15 sampel. Responden dipijat kemudian diukur nyeri. Instrumen yang digunakan NRS untuk mengukur nyeri punggung bawah. Hasil uji Wilcoxon diperoleh nilai p 0,000 artinya kombinasi pijat petrissage dan aromaterapi lavender dapat mengurangi nyeri punggung bawah Ibu hamil trimester III. Kesimpulan : Ada pengaruh kombinasi pijat petrissage dan aromaterapi lavender terjadap nyeri punggung bawah ibu hamil trimester III. Saran: Ibu hamil dapat menerapkan kombinasi pijat petrissage dan aromaterapi lavender untuk mengurangi nyeri punggung bawah Kata Kunci : pijat petrissage, aromaterapi lavender, ibu hamil trimester III, nyeri punggung bawah ABSTRACT Pregnancy is a natural process that will bring discomfort to pregnant women physically and psychologically. One of the discomforts in the third trimester of pregnancy is lower back pain. Back pain in pregnancy occurs due to increased production of the hormone relaxin. This hormone causes the pelvic bone joints to stretch, which functions to facilitate childbirth. Therapy to reduce pain by giving petrissage massage and lavender aromatherapy to third trimester pregnant women. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a combination of petrissage massage and lavender aromatherapy on lower back pain in third trimester pregnant women. The research design is one group pretest-posttest design without control with 15 samples. Respondents were massaged and then measured for pain. The instrument used by the NRS to measure low back pain. The Wilcoxon test results obtained a p value of 0.000, meaning that the combination of petrissage massage and lavender aromatherapy can reduce lower back pain for pregnant women in the third trimester. Conclusion: There is an effect of a combination of petrissage massage and lavender aromatherapy on lower back pain in third trimester pregnant women. Suggestion: Pregnant women can apply a combination of petrissage massage and lavender aromatherapy to reduce lower back pain. Key word: petrissage massage, lavender aromatherapy, third trimester pregnant women, low back pain
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF RED GINGER (Zingiber officinale var. rubrum) EXTRACTS AS GROWTH INHIBITORS OF Klebsiella pneumoniae
Section: Articles Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, efflux pump, Klebsiella pneumoniae, red ginger Pneumonia, a significant global health concern, is caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. Antibiotic use is the primary treatment for K. pneumoniae infection; however, inappropriate use of antibiotics can result in bacterial resistance. Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant challenge in treating K. pneumoniae infections, as it can render existing antibiotics ineffective against infections. Natural products derived from plants have received considerable attention as potential sources of new antimicrobial agents, including red ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum). This study aims to determine red ginger extracts' effectiveness in inhibiting the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae in vitro and silico. The research stages included compound extraction from red ginger rhizomes, antimicrobial activity testing against K. pneumoniae, and in silico analysis of target genes. The red ginger extract inhibited the growth of K. pneumoniae. The 25% extract concentration gave the most minor inhibition, with an inhibition zone of 6.7 mm. The 100% extract concentration gave the most significant inhibition, with an inhibition zone of 8 mm. The bioactive compound of red ginger may target various proteins and act in multiple sites in K. pneumoniae cells. This study showed that red ginger targets the acrR gene, a multidrug efflux pump AcrAB operon transcription repressor essential in the resistance of K. pneumoniae to antibiotics. Keywords: antimicrobial resistance; efflux pump; Klebsiella pneumoniae; red ginger Pneumonia masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global yang signifikan, disebabkan oleh infeksi Klebsiella pneumoniae. Penggunaan antibiotik adalah pengobatan utama untuk infeksi K. pneumoniae; namun, penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan resistensi bakteri. Resistensi antimikroba merupakan tantangan yang signifikan dalam mengobati infeksi K. pneumoniae, karena dapat membuat antibiotik yang ada menjadi tidak efektif melawan infeksi. Produk alami yang berasal dari tanaman telah mendapat perhatian yang cukup besar sebagai sumber potensial agen antimikroba baru, termasuk jahe merah (Zingiber officinale var rubrum). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak jahe merah dalam menghambat pertumbuhan Klebsiella pneumoniae in vitro dan in silico. Tahapan penelitian meliputi ekstraksi senyawa dari rimpang jahe merah, pengujian aktivitas antimikroba terhadap K. pneumoniae, dan analisis in silico gen target. Ekstrak jahe merah menghambat pertumbuhan K. pneumoniae. Konsentrasi ekstrak 25% memberikan daya hambat yang paling kecil, dengan zona hambat sebesar 6,7 mm. Konsentrasi ekstrak 100% memberikan daya hambat yang paling besar, dengan zona hambat sebesar 8 mm. Senyawa bioaktif jahe merah dapat menargetkan berbagai protein dan bekerja di berbagai tempat dalam sel K. pneumoniae. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak jahe merah menargetkan gen acR, sebuah multidrug efflux pump AcrAB operon transcription repressor yang berperan penting dalam resistensi K. pneumoniae terhadap antibiotik. Kata kunci: jahe merah; Klebsiella pneumoniae; pompa eflux; resistensi antimikroba
COMPARISON OF ANTIOXIDANT COMPOUNDS OF GREEN BETEL (Piper betle) AND RED BETEL (Piper crocatum) EXTRACTS USING DIFFERENT SOLVENTS WITH THE DPPH METHOD
Section: Articles Keywords: Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle), Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum), Etanol 70% dan Metanol 70%. Latar belakang : Ekstrak daun sirih hijau mempunyai sifat antibakteri dan ekstrak ini mempunyai banyak manfaat, salah satunya dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi beberapa masalah kesehatan. Daun sirih hijau dimanfaatkan sebagai ekspektoran, obat cacing, antiseptik luka, obat sakit gigi, penyegar dll. Kandungan kimia daun sirih hijau (Piper betle) antara lain minyak atsiri, terpenoid, tanin, polifenol dan steroid. Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui perbandingan senyawa antioksidan dari ekstrak daun sirih hijau (Piper betle) dan ekstrak daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum) dengan pelarut etanol 70% dan methanol 70%. Metode : Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian Eksperimental Laboratoris. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah perbandingan uji senyawa antioksidan dan uji aktivitas antioksidan pada ekstrak daun sirih dengan metode DPPH. Data yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini diolah secara deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode kurva regresi linier y= ax+b. Penelitian ini dilakukan setelah mendapatkan Ethical clearance dengan Nomor: 003/KEP/UNKAHA/SLE/2024, berasal dari Komisi Etik Peneltian (KEP) Kesehatan Universitas Karya Husada Semarang. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dengan menggunakan pelarut etanol 70% dapat disimpulkan bahwa, ‘ada perbandingan fitokimia dari ekstrak daun sirih hijau (Piper betle) dan ekstrak daun sirih merah (Piper crocatum) dengan pelarut etanol 70% dan methanol 70%. Kesimpulan : ada perbandingan senyawa antioksidan dari ekstrak daun sirih hijau dan daun sirih merah. Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai pengujian bahan alam untuk melakukan eksperimen penelitian selanjutnya. Kata Kunci: Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle), Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum), Etanol 70% dan Metanol 70%. ABSTRACT Background : Green betel leaf extract has antibacterial properties and this extract has many benefits, one of which can be used to treat several health problems. Green betel leaves are used as an expectorant, worm medicine, wound antiseptic, toothache medicine, freshener, etc. The chemical contents of green betel leaves (Piper betel) include essential oils, terpenoids, tannins, polyphenols and steroids. Objective : To determine the phytochemical comparison of green betel leaf extract (Piper betle) and red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) with 70% ethanol and 70% methanol solvents. Metods : This a research included laboratory experimental. data obtained in this study were processed descriptively quantitatively with the linear regression standard curve method. Research result : The results showed that by using 70% ethanol solvent it can be concluded that, 'there is a phytochemical comparison of green betel leaf extract (Piper betle) and red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum) with 70% ethanol solvent and 70% methanol. Conclusion : There is a phytochemical comparison of green betel leaf extract and red betel leaf extract. The results of this study can be used as a test of natural materials to conduct further research experiments. Keywords : of green betel leaf extract (Piper betle), red betel leaf extract (Piper crocatum), 70% ethanol solvent and 70% methanol.
Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle), Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum), Etanol 70% dan Metanol 70%.
Antibacterial Affectiveness of Green Tea Extract (Camellia Sinensis L.) Liquid Soap Against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes
Section: Articles Keywords: Camellia sinensis; liquid soap; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyogenes Aureius dan S. pyogeineis meirupakan bakteiri gram positif peinyeibab dari peinyakit impeitigo. Impeitigo adalah infeiksi ulit yang meinyeirang hidung, mulut, dan tangan seirta ditandai deingan ruam meirah. Peingobatan impeitigo umumnya meinggunakan antibiotik, namun peinggunakan antibiotik dalam jangka waktu panjang akan meinimbulkan eifeik samping pada tubuh. Oleih kareina itu, peineiliti ingin meingeiksplorasi bahan alami yaitu daun teih hijau untuk teirapi kompleimeinteir peinyakit impeitigo. Tujuan peineilitian untuk meingeitahui peingaruh liquid soap eikstrak daun teih hijau (C. sineinsis) konseintrasi 7%, 10%, dan 13% teirhadap zona hambat bakteiri S. aureius dan S. pyogeineis. Jeinis peineilitian yang digunakan truei eikspeirimeintal deingan deisain postteist-only with control group. Instrumein yang digunakan adalah hard instrumein dan soft instrumein (SOP), deingan analisis data meinggunakan Onei Way Anova untuk peingukuran zona hambat dan Mann-Whitneiy untuk meimbandingkan diameiteir zona hambat. Hasil peineilitian meinunjukkan bahwa konseintrasi optimum liquid soap pada bakteiri S. aureius dan S. pyogeineis adalah dikonseintrasi 10% yang meinghasilkan zona hambat 2,7 mm dan 3,1 mm. Pada peirbandingan zona hambat S. aureius dan S. pyogeineis meinunjukkan nilai signifikansi 0,345 (p>0,05) yang beirarti tidak ada peirbeidaan nyata antara aktivitas antibakteiri liquid soap eikstrak teih hijau teirhadap S. aureius dan S. pyogeineis Kata kunci: Cameillia sineinsis; liquid soap; Staphylococcus aureius; Streiptococcus pyogeineis. ABSTRACT Aureius and S. pyogeineis arei gram-positivei bacteiria that causei impeitigo. Impeitigo is a skin infeiction that attacks thei nosei, mouth and hands and is characteirizeid by a reid rash. Treiatmeint for impeitigo geineirally useis antibiotics, but long-teirm usei of antibiotics will causei sidei eiffeicts on thei body. Theireiforei, reiseiarcheirs want to eixplorei natural ingreidieints, nameily greiein teia leiaveis, for compleimeintary theirapy for impeitigo. Thei aim of thei reiseiarch was to deiteirminei thei eiffeict of liquid soap with greiein teia leiaf eixtract (C. sineinsis) conceintrations of 7%, 10% and 13% on thei inhibition zonei of S. aureius and S. pyogeineis bacteiria. Thei typei of reiseiarch useid was truei eixpeirimeintal with a postteist-only deisign with control group. Thei instrumeints useid weirei hard instrumeints and soft instrumeints (SOP), with data analysis using Onei Way Anova to meiasurei thei inhibition zonei and Mann-Whitneiy to comparei thei diameiteir of thei inhibition zonei. Thei reiseiarch reisults showeid that thei optimum conceintration of liquid soap for S. aureius and S. pyogeineis bacteiria was 10%, which produceid an inhibition zonei of 2.7 mm and 3.1 mm. A comparison of thei inhibition zoneis of S. aureius and S. pyogeineis shows a significancei valuei of 0.345 (p>0.05), which meians theirei is no reial diffeireincei beitweiein thei antibacteirial activity of greiein teia eixtract liquid soap against S. aureius and S. pyogeineis Keiywords: Cameillia sineinsis; liquid soap; Staphylococcus aureius; Streiptococcus pyogeineis
Camellia sinensis; liquid soap; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcus pyogenes
PROVIDING KB EDUCATIONAL INFORMATION COMMUNICATION (KIE) USING LEAFLET MEDIA IN DECISION-MAKING ON IUD CONTRACEPTION DEVICES
Section: Articles Keywords: KIE, media leaflet, Pengambilan Keputusan IUD Kebijakan pemerintah dalam bidang kependudukan, memiliki implikasi yang tinggi terhadap pembangunan kesehatan, oleh karena itu program KB memiliki posisi strategis dalam upaya pengendalian laju pertumbuhan penduduk. Secara umum faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan PUS tidak menjadi peserta KB adalah pelayanan KB yang masih kurang berkualitas, keterbatasan alat kontrasepsi, penyampaian informasi media leaflet maupun KIE serta minimnya informasi yang didapat oleh PUS untuk mendapatkan informasi dalam pengambilan keputusan. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian KIE KB dengan Media Leaflet dalam pengambilan keputusan alat kontrasepsi IUD. Metode Penelitian menggunakan rancangan pra eksperimen dengan posttest only design. Populasi di Puskesmas Gunungpati Semarang sebanyak 1648, sampel 50 diambil dengan proportional cluster random sampling. Data dianalisis dengan uji Independen T Test dengan hasil sig 0.002 < 0,05 Hasil penelitian ada pengaruh pemberian KIE KB dengan media leaflet dalam pengambilan keputusan alat kontrasepsi IUD dengan hasil sig < 0,05 dan ada perbedaan pemberian KIE KB dengan media leaflet dalam pengambilan keputusan alat kontrasepsi IUD dengan hasil sig < 0,05 Kesimpulan bahwa KIE dengan media leaflet efektif untuk meningkatkan kemantapan dalam pengambilan keputusan alat kontrasepsi MKJP IUD pada PUS. Disarankan agar petugas kesehatan tetap memberikan KIE kepada PUS untuk meningkatkan kemantapannya dalam pengambilan keputusan alat kontrasepsi IUD. Katakunci: KIE, media leaflet, Pengambilan Keputusan, IUD
Copyright (c) 2024 Journal Of Biomedical Sciences and Health
The Effect of Boiled Water Concentration of Red Betel Leaf (Piper crocatum) on the Kidney and Pancreas Histopathology of Diabetic Mice (Mus musculus)
Section: Articles Keywords: diabetes, ginjal, pankreas, daun, sirih Abstrak Kandungan yang dimiliki daun sirih merah adalah senyawa flavonoid yang baik untuk menurunkan kadar gula darah. Senyawa flavonoid bersifat antioksidan yang dapat meminimalisasi kerusakan jaringan dengan cara menurunkan peroksida lipid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya efek hasil rebusan dari daun sirih merah dengan konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75n 100% terhadap histopatologi ginjal dan pankreas mencit diabetes dan mengetahui konsentrasi yang efektif. Metode yang digunakan merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimental dengan desain Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 kelompok kontrol yaitu K+ dan K-, dan 4 kelompok perlakuan yaitu P1, P2, P3 dan P4, dengan populasi sampel sebanyak 18 ekor mencit yang dibuat preparat histopatologi ginjaldan pankreasnya dan diamati dengan mikroskop perbesaran 400x dan ulangan 3 lapang pandang. Hasil penelitian dilakukan uji statistik MANOVA (Multivariate Analisys Of Variable). Hewan coba ditretmen dengan pemberian sonde rebusan daun sirih merah dengan konsentrasi 25%, 50%, 75n 100ngan dosis 50 mg dan dosis sonde 0,13 ml kepada mencit diabetes menunjukkan gambaran mikroskopis sel yang mengalami perbaikan. Hasil pengamatan histopatologi pankreas dilakukan uji statistik menggunakan Kruskal Wallis dilanjutkan uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan nilai sig. 0,015 dimana nilai tersebut . Kata Kunci: Diabetes, daun sirih merah, ginjal, pankreas. Abstract The content of red betel leaves is flavonoid compounds which are good for lowering blood sugar levels. Flavonoid compounds have antioxidant properties that can minimize tissue damage by reducing lipid peroxidation. This study aims to determine the effect of boiled red betel leaves with concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 75n 100% on the histopathology of the kidneys and pancreas of diabetic mice and to determine the effective concentration. The method used is a type of experimental research with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 control groups, namely K+ and K-, and 4 treatment groups, namely P1, P2, P3, and P4, with a sample population of 18 mice for which kidney histopathology preparations were made and pancreas and observed with a microscope with 400x magnification and repeated 3 fields of view. The results of the research were carried out by MANOVA (Multivariate Analysis of Variables) statistical tests. Experimental animals were treated by administering a sonde of boiled red betel leaves with a concentration of 25%, 50%, 75n 100 with a dose of 50 mg, and a sonde dose of 0.13 ml to diabetic mice showing a microscopic picture of the cells experiencing improvement. The results of pancreatic histopathological observations were carried out through statistical tests using Kruskal Wallis followed by the Mann-Whitney test showing a sig value. 0.015 where the value is. Keywords: Diabetes; kidney; pancreas; red betel leaf.
Ethnobotany and Potential of Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida) as a Herbal Medicine Ingredient
Section: Articles Keywords: ethnobotany; bioactive compounds; phytopharmacology; Peperomia pellucida Background: People have long utilized various herbs for traditional medicine, including the suruhan or sirih cina plant (Peperomia pellucida). This plant is known by numerous local names such as rumput cacing, sirih bumi, pansit-pansitan, rumput gelas, and daing siheah cino. It is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, including Indonesia, making the raw materials easily accessible for herbal medicine. Objective: This study aims to review the ethnobotany and the pharmacological potential of Peperomia pellucida as a natural ingredient for herbal medicine. Methods: This article is a narrative review that synthesizes various literatures regarding the traditional uses, phytochemical content, and biological activities of the suruhan plant. Results: The suruhan plant is used in traditional medicine through various preparation methods depending on the ailment, with the leaves being the most frequently utilized part. Phytochemical analysis reveals that it contains abundant bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols, tannins, reducing sugars, amino acids, saponins, triterpenoids, carbohydrates, phenols, azulene, carotenoids, and quinones. These compounds contribute to its wide-spectrum antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. Conclusion: Peperomia pellucida holds significant potential as a herbal medicine ingredient due to its rich bioactive content and its long-standing history of traditional use. Accelerated industrial development and government support are needed to optimize its utilization in the healthcare sector.
ethnobotany; bioactive compounds; phytopharmacology; Peperomia pellucida
Copyright (c) 2024 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0