RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION LEVEL AND LIFESTYLE WITH HYPERTENSION DEGREE CLASSIFICATION IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is one of the leading non-communicable diseases that contributes significantly to mortality and health problems in Indonesia, including in Banjarmasin City, where the highest number of cases is recorded at the Pekauman Health Center. Contributing factors include unhealthy lifestyle habits such as excessive salt intake, lack of physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, and irregular sleep patterns. In addition, psychological conditions such as depression also play a role in increasing blood pressure through hormonal stress responses. However, the impact of mental health on hypertension is still not widely recognized by the public. Objective: The study aims to determine the relationship between levels of depression and lifestyle with the classification of hypertension degrees. Methods: This type of research is quantitative with a cross-sectional design. The research sample was selected by purposive sampling, the research sample numbered 98 respondents. Data on depression levels were collected using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) questionnaire, and lifestyle data using a lifestyle questionnaire. Data analysis used the Spearman Rank Correlation Test. Resulth: The result as many as 34.7% of respondents experienced mild depression, as many as 52.0% of respondents lived an unhealthy lifestyle, as many as 64.3% of respondents suffered from grade 2 hypertension. The results of the bivariate test showed that there was a strong relationship between the level of depression and lifestyle with the classification of the degree of hypertension. Conclusion: The lower the level of depression, the lower the risk of developing hypertension. Meanwhile, an unhealthy lifestyle can increase the risk of hypertension. Therefore, maintaining mental health and adopting a healthy lifestyle are important for preventing hypertension.